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1

The Battle of Gettysburg began (1863)

2

Charles J. Guiteau shot President James A. Garfield. (1881)

3

Playwright, songwriter, and producer George M. Cohan was born. (1878)

4

Independence Day (1776)

5

Revivalist preacher William Booth established the Salvation Army. (1865)

6

Althea Gibson won a title at Wimbledon.
(1957)

7

Pitcher Leroy Robert "Satchel" Paige was born. (1906)

8

The stock market fell to its lowest point during the Depression. (1932)

9

Elias Howe, inventor of the sewing machine, was born. (1819)

10

Jazz pianist and composer Jelly Roll Morton died. (1941)

11

Political enemies Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr met to settle their duel. (1804)

12

Naturalist and philosopher Henry David Thoreau was born. (1817)

13

Minutemen leader, John Parker was
born. (1729)

14

Owen Wister, writer of "The Virginians," was born. (1860)

15

John J. Pershing, military commander, died. (1948)

16

Washington DC became the capital of the USA. (1790)

17

The Spanish Civil War begins. (1936)

18

John Paul Jones, naval hero, died. (1792)

19

The First Women's Right's Convention in New York. (1848)

20

Anne Marbury Hutchinson, first female religious leader, was baptized. (1591)

21

Writer Ernest Hemingway was born. (1899)

22

Sculptor Alexander Calder, known for his wire structures, was born. (1899)

23

Roman Catholic cardinal James Gibbons was born.(1834)

24

Brigham Young and fellow members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints arrived in the Great Salt Lake Valley. (1847)

25

Macbeth closed in Park Theater. (1936)

26

Joseph Jenkins Roberts declared Liberia an independent republic. (1847)

27

The architect Cyrus Eidlitz was born. (1853)

28

The Fourteenth Amendment, which granted former slaves the rights of citizenship, was ratified. (1868)

29

The Harris Treaty was negotiated with Japan.(1858)

30

Opening day of the 10th Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.(1932)

31

Patrick Francis Healy, was inaugurated president of Georgetown University. (1874)